Archive for July 2024

Lesson 4: Tools and Equipment in Civil Engineering

Vocabulary Concept: Aletler ve Ekipmanlar (Tools and Equipment)

1. Definition and Context:

Here's a glossary list of some equipment used in construction, presented in Turkish and English:

GPS Equipment / GPS Ekipmanları

Excavator / Ekskavatör

Bulldozer / Buldozer

Backhoe / Kepçe

Loader / Yükleyici

Grader / Greyder

Concrete Mixer / Beton Mikseri

Trowel / Mala

Concrete Pump / Beton Pompası

Crane / Vinç

Forklift / Forklift

Helmet / Baret

Glove / Eldiven

Safety Glass / Koruyucu Gözlük

High-Visibility Clothing / Yüksek Görünürlüklü Kıyafet

Harness and Safety Net / Emniyet Kemeri ve Güvenlik Ağları

Roller / Silindir

Compactor / Titreşimli Silindir

Drill / Matkap

Saw / Testere

Grinder / Taşlama Makinesi

Dump Truck / Kamyon

Concrete Mixer / Beton Mikseri Kamyonu

Hammer / Çekiç

Screwdriver and Wrench/ Tornavida ve Anahtar

2. Practical Usage:

Example Sentence: Vinç, ağır malzemeleri taşımak için kullanılır.

Translation: A crane is used to move heavy materials.

4. Conversation Practice:

Imagine discussing equipment needs with a project manager.

You: Şantiyede hangi ekipmanlara ihtiyacımız var?

Translation: What equipment do we need at the construction site?

Project Manager: Bir kepçe ve bir vinç gerekli.

Translation: We need an excavator and a crane.

You: Bu ekipmanları ne zaman temin edebiliriz?

Translation: When can we procure this equipment?

5. Homework:

Describe a scenario in Turkish where you need to use a specific piece of equipment. Explain its purpose and importance in your project.

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Lesson 5: Talking About Your Family

Introduction:

In this lesson, we will learn how to talk about family in Turkish. This includes vocabulary for family members and phrases to describe your family. The richness of the Turkish language is truly mind-blowing. Get ready to learn the incredibly detailed vocabulary for relatives in Turkish!

Vocabulary:

1. Aile - Family

2. Anne - Mother

3. Baba - Father

4. Kardeş - Sibling

- Erkek kardeş- Brother

- Kız kardeş- Sister

5. Abla- Older sister

6. Abi/Ağabey - Older brother

5. Eş- Spouse

- Koca- Husband

- Karı- Wife

6. Çocuk - Child

- Oğul- Son

- Kız- Daughter

7. Anneanne- Grandmother (Maternal)

8. Dede- Grandfather

9. Babaanne- Grandmother (Paternal)

9. Teyze- Aunt (Maternal)

10. Dayı- Uncle (Maternal)

11. Hala- Aunt (Paternal)

12. Amca- Uncle (Paternal)

13. Yenge- The wife of one's brother, or uncle.

14. Enişte- The husband of one's sister, or uncle.

15. Elti - To a woman, the wife of her husband's brother

16. Kayınvalide (Kaynana)- Mother-in-law

17. Kayınbaba (Kaynata)- Father-in-law

18. Torun- Grandchild

19. Yeğen- Niece/Newhew

20. Baldız- To a man, the sister of his wife

21. Görümce- To a woman, the sister of her husband

22. Bacanak- Kinship status of men married to two sisters

23. Kayınbirader (Kayın) - To husband and wife, each other's brother

24. Kayınço- A term of endearment for "kayınbirader"

Phrases:

1. Ailen (iz) var mı?- Do you have a family?

2. Kaç kardeşin (iz) var?- How many siblings do you have?

3. Benim bir kız kardeşim var- I have one sister.

4. Benim bir oğlum ve bir kızım var - I have one son and one daughter.

5. Anne ve babamla yaşıyorum- I live with my mother and father.

6. Evli misin (iz)?- Are you married?

Dialogue Example:

Let's look at a dialogue about family:

Person A: Kardeşlerin var mı? (Do you siblings?)

Person B: Evet, var. (Yes, I do.)

Person A: Kaç kardeşin var? (How many siblings do you have?)

Person B: İki kardeşim var, bir erkek kardeş ve bir kız kardeş. (I have two siblings, one brother and one sister.)

Person A: Aa ne güzel! (Oh, so nice!) Evli misin? (Are you married?)

Person B: Evet, evliyim. Bir oğlum ve bir kızım var. (Yes, I am married. I have one son and one daughter.) Sen evli misin? (Are you married?)

Person A: Hayır, ben bekârım. (No, I am nor married). Anne ve baban nerede yaşıyor? (Where do your parents live?)

Person B: Onlar İstanbul’da yaşıyor. (They live in Istanbul.)

Explanation:

These relative names that I shared above are the most frequently used forms. Of course, today there are also versions used in the local language. Such as: emmi (uncle)👨‍🦳, emmi oğlu (uncle's son)👨‍👦, amca zade (uncle's son)👨‍👦, amca oğlu (uncle's son)👨‍👦, amca kızı (uncle's daughter)👨‍👧, dayı zade (uncle's son)👨‍👧, dayı oğlu (uncle's son)👨‍👦, dayı kızı (uncle's son)👨‍👧, nene (grandmother)👵, birader (brother)👨‍🦰, bacı (sister)👩‍🦰, teyze zade (aunt's son)👩‍👦, teyze oğlu (aunt's son)👩‍👦, teyze kızı (aunt's daughter)👩‍👧...

Some kinship names can also be used to address people who are not related to us but whom we know or do not know.

"Amca" and "dayı" (for elderly men)👴, "teyze" (for elderly women)👵, "abla" (for women older than us)👩‍🦱, "abi" (for men older than us, but young people can also call their peers in this way)👨‍🦱, "birader" and "kardeş" can also be used in the local language. You may also hear it as "gardaş" depending on the region, "yenge" is also used in as a word of address for women sometimes 👩..

Practice:

Try to practice this dialogue, and use these phrases to describe your own family. Pay attention to the vocabulary for family members and practice using them in sentences.

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Shopping

Introduction:

In this lesson, we will learn how to shop and bargain in Turkish. Knowing how to ask for prices, negotiate, and make purchases will be useful when visiting markets or stores in Turkey.

Vocabulary:

1. Fiyat - Price

2. Kaç lira? - How much?

3. Pahalı - Expensive

4. Ucuz - Cheap

5. İndirim - Discount

6. Almak - To buy

7. Satmak - To sell

8. Para - Money

9. Kredi kartı - Credit card

10. Nakit - Cash

Phrases:

1. Bu ne kadar? - How much is this?

2. İndirim var mı? - Is there a discount?

3. Çok pahalı, biraz indirim yapar mısınız? - It’s very expensive, can you give a little discount?

4. Tamam, alıyorum. - Okay, I’ll buy it.

5. Sadece nakit. - Cash only.

6. Kredi kartı geçerli mi? - Do you accept credit cards?

Dialogue Example:

Let’s look at a dialogue at a market stall:

Customer: Merhaba! Bu ne kadar? (Hello! How much is this?)

Vendor: Merhaba! Bu 50 lira. (Hello! This is 50 lira.)

Customer: Çok pahalı, biraz indirim yapar mısınız? (It’s very expensive, can you give a little discount?)

Vendor: Tamam, size 40 lira. (Okay, for you, 40 lira.)

Customer: Tamam, alıyorum. (Okay, I’ll buy it.)

Vendor: Nakit mi, kredi kartı mı? (Cash or credit card?)

Customer: Kredi kartı geçerli mi? (Do you accept credit cards?)

Vendor: Evet, geçerli. (Yes, we accept.)

Customer: Teşekkür ederim. (Thank you.)

Vendor: Rica ederim. (You’re welcome.)

Explanation:

In Turkey, bargaining is typically expected in markets, bazaars, and small shops. However, in larger stores, shopping malls, or places with fixed prices, bargaining is not practiced.

Examples of places where you can bargain:

Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı) in Istanbul: One of the world's largest and oldest covered markets, where haggling is a part of the shopping experience.
Spice Bazaar (Mısır Çarşısı) in Istanbul: Another popular market where you can negotiate prices for spices, sweets, and souvenirs.
Local markets (pazar): Weekly markets in different neighborhoods and towns where locals buy fresh produce, clothes, and household items.

Practice:

Try practicing this dialogue, and use these phrases when you are shopping or in a market setting. Focus on the bargaining phrases to become more comfortable negotiating prices.

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